Best Places to Visit in Turkey offer a blend of top attractions and hidden gems. Explore 10 must-see destinations that showcase the country’s diverse culture and stunning landscapes.
Turkey is a true tourism paradise. In this guide, we’ve curated the top 10 historical and touristic places to visit in the country. If you’re traveling from abroad, this article will serve as a perfect travel guide, helping you plan your trip efficiently.
Cappadocia – Nevşehir
Although Cappadocia is primarily located in Nevşehir, it also extends into Kırşehir, Niğde, Aksaray, and Kayseri. According to geological studies, the region was formed around 60 million years ago when volcanic eruptions from Mount Erciyes, Mount Hasan, and Mount Güllü created a soft layer of rock. Over time, wind and rain naturally eroded these formations, resulting in the breathtaking landscapes we see today. What sets Cappadocia apart from other destinations is the ancient cave dwellings carved into fairy chimneys, where civilizations once lived—creating an almost otherworldly experience.
What to See in Cappadocia?
Beyond its natural beauty, Cappadocia is one of Turkey’s most significant tourist destinations, offering countless activities. Here are some must-do experiences:
- Take a Hot Air Balloon Ride: A signature experience in Cappadocia, hot air balloon rides offer a breathtaking sunrise view over the fairy chimneys. For the best experience, it’s highly recommended to take the flight early in the morning when hundreds of balloons fill the sky. Even if you don’t take a ride, waking up early to watch the spectacle from your hotel is an unforgettable experience.
- Explore Underground Cities: The region, inhabited since the Paleolithic era, later became home to the Hittites and eventually an important center for early Christianity. Due to frequent invasions, local people built underground cities to protect themselves. Unlike modern cities that expand horizontally or vertically, Cappadocia showcases a unique downward urbanization. Today, around 120-150 underground cities have been discovered, each with fascinating tunnels and chambers.
- Try Pottery Making in Avanos: The town of Avanos is famous for its pottery workshops, where artisans shape the local red clay into beautiful ceramics. Visitors can join a workshop for free, experience traditional pottery-making, and even create their own souvenirs.
Other activities include ATV safaris in Göreme, gondola rides along the Kızılırmak River, and wine tasting in historical wineries. And don’t miss watching the sunset at Red Valley (Kızılçukur Vadisi)—one of the most spectacular spots in the region!
Ölüdeniz – Muğla (Fethiye)
Located in the Fethiye district of Muğla, Ölüdeniz is a must-visit destination in Turkey, famous for its stunning beach, crystal-clear waters, and breathtaking natural beauty.
Named “Ölüdeniz” (meaning “Dead Sea”) due to its calm waters, this lagoon was voted the best beach in the world in 2006 with 82% of the votes. As the region was once home to the ancient Lycian civilization, many historical ruins have been discovered, and new findings continue to emerge.
What to See in Ölüdeniz?
- Visit Butterfly Valley: Home to around 80 butterfly species, this natural wonder offers a magical experience where you can witness butterflies fluttering in harmony with nature.
- Relax at Ölüdeniz Beach: Enjoy the serene waters and unwind on the soft, golden sands of one of the world’s most famous beaches.
- Hike the Lycian Way: Embark on an unforgettable trekking adventure along this legendary 540 km trail, stretching from Muğla to Antalya, offering breathtaking coastal views.
If you’re looking for a peaceful getaway along Turkey’s southern coastline, Ölüdeniz is the perfect destination to relax, unwind, and embrace the beauty of summer.
Lake Salda – Burdur
Located near Yeşilova district in Burdur, Lake Salda spans approximately 44 square kilometers and is one of Turkey’s cleanest, clearest, and deepest lakes. What makes it truly unique is that it is one of only two places on Earth that share geological similarities with Mars. Surrounded by striking white sandy shores, this lake is a protected area, ensuring its pristine beauty and biodiversity remain intact.
This natural wonder deserves special care and attention, and visiting it offers an unforgettable experience.
Mount Nemrut – Adıyaman
Rising 2,150 meters high, Mount Nemrut is located 78 km from Adıyaman and is home to the massive stone statues built by King Antiochus of the Kingdom of Commagene. These giant sculptures have been recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.
One of the best experiences on Mount Nemrut is watching the sunrise or sunset from the summit, where the majestic statues create a surreal and awe-inspiring scene. If you’re planning a visit, make sure to time your trip accordingly to witness this extraordinary sight.
Pamukkale Travertines – Denizli
Pamukkale, one of Turkey’s most famous natural wonders, is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. These stunning white travertine terraces were formed by mineral-rich thermal waters, which also have healing properties.
The area has 17 hot spring pools, though only a select few are open for visitors due to conservation efforts.
What to See in Pamukkale?
- Hierapolis Ancient City & Pool: This Roman-era site includes a theater, cathedral, and bath complex and has long been famous for its healing thermal waters. The site also features an archaeological museum where you can learn about the region’s rich history.
If you’re planning to visit, make sure to bring a Museum Pass (Müzekart) to access all historical sites and enjoy an unforgettable journey through time.
Göbeklitepe – Şanlıurfa
In 1983, a local farmer unearthed an intricately carved stone while plowing his field. At first, it seemed insignificant, but years later, archaeologists realized they had discovered something extraordinary.
Göbeklitepe is the oldest known temple complex in the world, dating back 12,000 years—which means it is 7,000 years older than Stonehenge and 7,500 years older than the Egyptian pyramids.
This Neolithic-era site is considered the first temple in human history, marking the origins of early religious beliefs. Excavations have revealed 20 temple structures, but only six have been fully uncovered so far.
If you’re passionate about history and archaeology, Göbeklitepe will blow your mind with its deep-rooted mysteries and groundbreaking discoveries.
Istanbul – The Historic Peninsula
Regardless of whether you’re a Turkish citizen or a visitor, you’ve undoubtedly heard of Istanbul’s legendary beauty and historical significance. A journey through the Historic Peninsula will transport you to a world where ancient civilizations meet modern-day charm.
What to See in the Historic Peninsula?
- Sultanahmet Mosque (Blue Mosque)
- Hagia Sophia
- Basilica Cistern
- Spice Bazaar
- Topkapı Palace
- Gülhane Park
- Istanbul Archaeological Museum
Start your day by enjoying a traditional Turkish simit breakfast at Sultanahmet Square, then explore the Blue Mosque and Hagia Sophia. Next, step into the mystical underground world of the Basilica Cistern, followed by a visit to the grand Topkapı Palace, where you can admire breathtaking views of the Bosphorus.
Afterward, unwind at Gülhane Park, try traditional Ottoman sweets, and immerse yourself in history at the Istanbul Archaeological Museum. Finally, let the aromatic scents of the Spice Bazaar lead you to a shopping adventure, and if you have extra time, explore the Grand Bazaar for a true taste of Istanbul’s culture.
No matter how you explore it, the Historic Peninsula will capture your heart and leave you with unforgettable memories of one of the greatest cities in the world.
Uzungöl – Trabzon
Nestled in the heart of Trabzon, Uzungöl is one of Turkey’s most breathtaking natural wonders. Surrounded by lush forests, misty clouds, and a deep blue lake, this stunning destination sits 1,090 meters above sea level and is believed to have formed in the 1600s.
Although Uzungöl is magical in winter, it attracts the most visitors in the summer months, thanks to its pleasant climate and rich biodiversity. A 1-2 day stay will allow you to soak in its beauty, enjoy Black Sea cuisine, go on nature hikes, and indulge in birdwatching. As you explore the area, you’ll be captivated by the traditional wooden houses that reflect the unique architecture of the Black Sea region.
Ephesus Ancient City – İzmir
Located in modern-day İzmir, Ephesus dates back to 6000 BC and evolved from a small settlement into one of the most influential cities of the ancient world.
According to legend, Amazon warrior women founded Ephesus, but over the centuries, it flourished under Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Seljuk, and Ottoman rule. As a major port city and a center of trade, it became a melting pot of cultures and civilizations.
Ephesus is also historically significant as one of the early Christian pilgrimage sites, making it a city rich in culture and history.
Why Visit Ephesus?
- Celsus Library – One of the most well-preserved ancient libraries.
- Great Theater – A massive amphitheater with a capacity of 25,000.
- Temple of Artemis – One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
- House of the Virgin Mary – A sacred pilgrimage site.
A visit to Ephesus is a must for history lovers who want to experience Anatolia’s cultural heritage firsthand.
Yedigöller National Park – Bolu
Declared a protected national park in 1965, Yedigöller (Seven Lakes) National Park is a paradise for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts. Covering 1,600 hectares, the park was formed by landslides that blocked valleys, creating a unique landscape of seven interconnected lakes fed by underground and surface water.
The region is home to vibrant flora and fauna, including over 100 species of birds, making it a dream destination for birdwatchers.
What to Do in Yedigöller?
Take in the breathtaking views at Kapankaya Panorama Point.
Hike through lush forests filled with colorful foliage.
Enjoy a peaceful retreat surrounded by untouched nature.
Whether you’re a nature lover, an explorer, or simply looking for relaxation, Yedigöller National Park offers a tranquil escape where you can reconnect with nature.
